| John Richardson Alison | |
|---|---|
|
File:John Alison Eagle Litho 2004.png John R. Alison Gathering of Eagles 2004 Lithograph | |
| Nickname | Johnny |
| Born | November 21, 1912 |
| Died | June 6, 2011 (aged 98) |
| Place of birth | Gainesville, Florida, U.S. |
| Place of death | Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Allegiance |
 United States of America |
| Service/branch |
 United States Air Force |
| Years of service | 1936–1955 |
| Rank | Major General |
| Commands held |
75th Fighter Squadron 1st Air Commando Group |
| Battles/wars |
World War II Korean War |
| Awards |
Distinguished Service Cross Silver Star |
| Other work |
Assistant Secretary of Commerce Senior Vice President, Northrop |
John Richardson "Johnny" Alison (November 21, 1912 – June 6, 2011)[1] was a highly decorated American combat ace of World War II and veteran of the Korean War, and is often cited as the father of Air Force Special Operations.[2]
Early years[]
Born in Micanopy, Florida,[3] near Gainesville in 1912, Alison graduated from the University of Florida School of Engineering and joined the United States Army Air Corps in 1936.[4] He earned his wings and was commissioned at Kelly Field in 1937.[2] Prior to America's entry into World War II, he served as Assistant Military Attache in England and helped British pilots transition into the P-40.[2] In October 1941, Alison traveled to Moscow to administer the sensitive U.S.-Soviet P-40 Lend-Lease program. He trained Russian pilots in the P-40, A-20, and B-25 Mitchell aircraft.[2] In his autobiography, Jimmy Doolittle wrote:
| “ | I might have gone to Russia, but Lieutenants Hubert Zemke and Johnny Alison, who had also been sent to England as observers, went instead. Good men, they both became aces later in the war. Johnny became a major general.[5] | ” |
Combat[]
L to R: John Alison, Tex Hill, Ajax Baumler, and Mack Mitchell at Kunming, China, July 1942.
After ten months and repeated requests for reassignment to combat, Alison got his wish. In June 1942, he reported to the China-Burma-India Theater (CBI) to serve as Deputy Squadron Commander under major David Lee "Tex" Hill in the 75th Fighter Squadron, part of Colonel Robert Lee Scott, Jr.'s 23rd Fighter Group, the USAAF successor of the AVG's famed Flying Tigers in the China-Burma-India Theater.
Alison was called into theater by the previous commander of the AVG, Brigadier General Claire Lee Chennault, who was currently serving as Commander of the Fourteenth Air Force.[2] On 30 July 1942, Alison was credited with the first night kills in the theater. For his experimental night interception, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross.[6] In early 1943, Alison demonstrated his aggressiveness when he took off during an attack on his own airfield. Alison engaged three Mitsubishi A6M Zeros and scored one probable kill. He then vectored arriving reinforcements to the battle, after which he made a stern attack on another enemy fighter at close range, shooting it down. His gallantry and fighting spirit earned him the Silver Star.[2] Ending his tour as commander of the 75th Fighter Squadron, Alison left as an ace with seven confirmed victories and several probable kills.[2] His former commanding officer, David Lee "Tex" Hill, had high praise for Alison:
| “ | John Alison had the greatest pure flying skill of any pilot in the theater — a touch on the controls that knew no equal. His talents were matched only by his eagerness for combat.[7] | ” |
Air Commando[]
After returning home in May 1943, Alison was recalled to the CBI theater by Gen. Henry "Hap" Arnold to co-command (along with Lt. Col. Philip G. Cochran) the newly formed 1st Air Commando Group, also known as Project 9. As leader of this secret and highly innovative flying unit, Alison led a composite wing of fighters, bombers, transports, gliders, and helicopters in the dramatic "aerial invasion of Burma," dubbed Operation THURSDAY. The 1st Air Commandos supported the British "Chindit" Special Forces' infiltration of Japanese rear supply areas. In March 1944, Alison's men flew more than 200 miles behind enemy lines, transporting, re-supplying, and providing fire support for over 9,000 Allied forces. Alison's innovative leadership and combat daring as co-commander of the 1st Air Commandos helped to turn the tide of the Allied war effort in the CBI theater.
—John Alison's Gathering of Eagles Biography[2]
Alison later commanded the 3rd Air Commando group in the Pacific serving in the Philippines and Okinawa.[3]
Later years[]
After the war, he served as an Assistant Secretary of Commerce, President of the Air Force Association, and as a major general in the Air Force Reserve.[2] He retired as vice president of the Northrop Corporation in 1984 and is a 1994 inductee into the Air Commando Hall of Fame.[8] In 1985, 2004 and 2009 Alison was honored at the Air University's Gathering of Eagles program.[2] In 2005, he was enshrined in the National Aviation Hall of Fame.[9]
Alison died on June 6, 2011 and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery on October 3, 2011. Air Force Chief of Staff General Norton A. Schwartz provided the eulogy at the Old Post Chapel at Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall. Following the chapel service, Secretary of the Air Force Michael Donley presented the American flag to Alison's wife, Penni, at the graveside service. Alison was survived by his wife, Penni, and two sons, John and David.[10]
Notes[]
- ↑ Dennis Hevesi (June 9, 2011). "John R. Alison, 98, Ace Fighter Pilot in World War II, Dies". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/10/us/10alison.html?ref=deathsobituaries.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 "John Alison Biography". Gathering of Eagles Program. Air Command and Staff College. 2004. http://www.au.af.mil/au/goe/eagle_bios/2004/alison_2004.asp. Retrieved October 10, 2010.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Major General John Alison". The Daily Telegraph. London. June 14, 2011. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/military-obituaries/air-force-obituaries/8575891/Major-General-John-Alison.html.
- ↑ Boltz, Images of Apollo's Warriors, pages 41-44
- ↑ Doolittle, I Could Never Be So Lucky Again, p. 218
- ↑ John Alison DSC Citation Home of Heroes (September 12, 1942); retrieved January 30, 2008
- ↑ Hill, "Tex" Hill: Flying Tiger, p. 174
- ↑ Air Commando Hall of Fame retrieved January 26, 2008
- ↑ "John Alison in the National Aviation Hall of Fame". 2005. http://nationalaviation.blade6.donet.com/components/content_manager_v02/view_nahf/htdocs/menu_ps.asp?NodeID=435340907&group_ID=1134656385&Parent_ID=-1. Retrieved January 14, 2008.
- ↑ Williams Jr, Staff Sgt. Richard A. (October 4, 2011). "Family, friends say goodbye to founding air commando". United States Air Force. Archived from the original on December 12, 2012. http://archive.is/SbbS. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
References[]
- Boltz, Richard W. (2001). "Phil Cochran and John Alison: Images of Apollo's Warriors" (PDF). http://stinet.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA407756&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf. Retrieved 2008-01-26.
- Doolittle, James H.; Glines, Carroll V. (1991). I Could Never Be So Lucky Again. Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-07807-0.
- Hill, David Lee; Schaupp, R. (2003). "Tex Hill": Flying Tiger. Honoribus Press. ISBN 1-885354-15-0.
External links[]
- Air Force Magazine The All-American Airman, Walter J. Boyne, March 2000
- Harry S. Truman LibraryJohn R. Alison Papers, 1945–1957
- Veterans History ProgramJohn R. Alison Collection, including extended video interview available online.
- National Aviation Hall of Fame" John R. Alison Enshrinee Biography
The original article can be found at John R. Alison and the edit history here.