List of wars involving Sudan

This is a list of wars that Sudan has been involved in.

Conflict	Sudan and allies	Opponents	Results
Mahdist Sudan (1885–1899)
Mahdist War (1881–1899)	Mahdist Sudan	United Kingdom Egypt Italy Belgium Ethiopia	Defeat Sudanese invasions of Belgian Congo, Ethiopia and Italian Eritrea repelled. Sudan became an Anglo-Egyptian condominium.
Post-independence (1956–)
First Sudanese Civil War (1955–1972)	Sudan	SSLM ALF Anyanya	Defeat Addis Ababa Agreement with a single southern administrative region with various defined powers.
Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005)	Sudan Janjaweed SSDF LRA	SPLA SPLA-Nasir SSLM Anyanya II Eastern Front	Defeat Comprehensive Peace Agreement 2011 Referendum, independence of South Sudan. Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement
War in Darfur (2003–)	Sudan Janjaweed	JEM LJM SLM	Ongoing Darfur Peace Agreement, establishment of the Transitional Darfur Regional Authority.
War in Kordofan (2011–)	Sudan	File:Flag of SRF.svg SRF	Ongoing Ongoing insurgency in Kurdufan and Blue Nile.
Heglig Crisis (2012)	Sudan	South Sudan	Victory South Sudanese withdrawal from Heglig.

See also

• Mahdist War
• East African Campaign (World War II)
• 2008 invasion of Anjouan

Bibliography

First Sudanese Civil War:

• Assefa, Hizkias. 1987. Mediation of Civil Wars, Approaches and Strategies – The Sudan Conflict. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.
• Eprile, Cecil. War and Peace in the Sudan, 1955 – 1972. David and Charles, London. 1974. ISBN 0-7153-6221-6.
• Johnson, Douglas H. 1979. "Book Review: The Secret War in the Sudan: 1955–1972 by Edgar O'Ballance". African Affairs 78 (310):132–7.
• O'Ballance, Edgar. 1977. The Secret War in the Sudan: 1955–1972. Hamden, Connecticut: Archon Books. (Faber and Faber edition ISBN 0-571-10768-0).
• Poggo, Scopas Sekwat. 1999. War and Conflict in Southern Sudan, 1955–1972. PhD Dissertation, University of California, Santa Barbara.

External links

Second Sudanese Civil War:

• Background Q & A: The Darfur Crisis, Esther Pan, Council on Foreign Relations, cfr.org
• Price of Peace in Africa: Agreement in Sudan Between Government and Rebel
• Photojournalist's Account – Displacement of Sudan's second civil war
• In pictures: Sudan trek – of returning refugees after the war, BBC, 14 June 2005
• With Peace, Sudan Faces Hard Choices, Washington Post, 28 July 2005
• The Nuba Mountains Homepage
• Bishop calls for Churchwide day of prayer and fasting for an end to Sudan violence on 26 June 2011 – leading up to the 9 July expected day of new independence for the Southern Sudan.

War in Darfur:

• Sudan: Passion of the Present, includes list of web news and resources
• Rashdan, Abdelrahman, FAQs on DarfurIslamOnline.net. Retrieved 2007-09-13.
• Darfur Report
• Analyzing Darfur's Conflict of Definitions: Interview with Prof. Mahmood Mamdani. Retrieved 2009-03-19.
• "Khartoum bashing": an article in the TLS by Justin Willis, 7 November 2003
• Rule of Law in Armed Conflict – Sudan
• Insight on Conflict, SIRC
• The Small Arms Survey – Sudan
• Photojournalist's Account – Displacement caused by the genocide in Darfur
• ODI HPG Policy Brief: Humanitarian Advocacy in Darfur: the challenge of neutrality
• Darfur Story: an article in Islam Story by Dr Ragheb Elsergany, 16 March 2009
• Genocide – A Penn State Conversation about Darfur
• "On our Watch": PBS Frontline documentary
• Darfuri Children's Drawings at the University of South Florida
• Crisis in Darfur, Sudan, Web Archive, 2006 from the U.S. Library of Congress