Operation Chesterfield was the assault by the 1st Canadian Division on the Hitler Line, in May 1944 during World War II. The Hitler Line was a German fortified defensive line south of Rome.
Initial attempts to penetrate the defences before they had been effectively manned had failed and a set piece, prepared assault became necessary. The action was hard fought. Ultimately, Allied forces penetrated the line and the German defenders had to retreat, in some disorder.
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The original article can be found at Operation Chesterfield and the edit history here.